What do cognitive distortions refer to in cognitive-behavioral therapy?

Cognitive distortions refer specifically to irrational or exaggerated thought patterns that can negatively impact an individual's emotions and behaviors. In cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), these distortions are identified as faulty thinking that leads to negative feelings and maladaptive behaviors. Common examples include overgeneralization, catastrophizing, and black-and-white thinking. By recognizing and challenging these distortions, individuals can learn to replace them with more accurate and balanced thoughts, ultimately improving their emotional health and behavior.

The focus on addressing cognitive distortions is critical in CBT because it helps clients understand how their thoughts directly influence their feelings and actions. This approach empowers individuals to develop healthier thinking patterns, providing them with tools to manage their psychological issues more effectively.